Ethiopian Folktales

Jahitiጃሂቲ

Benishangul-Gumuzቤንሻንጉል-ጉሙዝ · 5 min readደቂቃ ንባብ

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Narrated by Demelew Beyene

A man had two daughters. The mother of the first daughter was dead. He married again and had another daughter. The two girls were ready for marriage. The first daughter, whose mother had died, was brought up well in a decent manner. Her name was Jahiti. The second daughter’s mother was rich.

When the suitors were considering marrying Jahiti, the second daughter was jealous.

“Why don’t they marry me? Why do they look at my sister?” she said to her mother. (These questions in verse.)

The mother was also jealous. She dressed up her daughter in white clothes and necklaces, bracelets and jewelry and "chelle" – pebble like ornaments in different colours. So, having dressed her up in good clothes, she sends her to the market place where girls play and dance and say things in verse, so that men could see and choose her. She sent Jahiti in old, dirty clothes.

In singing and chanting, the suitors sang:
“Shall we marry the one in good white clothes
Or shall we take the one in dirty clothes?”

One came and sang after the other, “Shall we marry the one….”

So the second daughter told her mother, “They did not want me in good clothes, but they wanted my sister in dirty clothes.”

So the stepmother made the girls exchange clothes. She sent her again to try again.

But the suitors chanted:
“We don’t want the girl in dirty clothes.
We want the girl in good clothes.”

The girl went to tell her mother, “I changed clothes but they still don’t want me.”

So the mother said, “Go and bring leafy branches where brides sit. They must be torn off the tree.”

She advised her own daughter to send Jahiti up the tree to tear off the branches.

“And while she is preparing the branches, you prepare a place near a lake. Put on the ground a slippery bark, so that she will slip in the lake and drown. The bark is called ‘laga’.”

And so it happened. The sister told Jahiti to come down and she slipped or fell into the lake. She couldn’t come out because the devil caught her there and made her his captive.

The bridegroom’s friends had arrived to take Jahiti.

When the sister came out, the men asked, “Where is the bride?"

"She is not here. She has disappeared.”

“What can we do?” they said.

They were sad because they couldn’t find the chosen girl.

The wedding company went back.

The girl’s father was a merchant, who bought and sold gold.

When he came he asked his wife, “Where is Jahiti?”

His wife replied, “She is out somewhere. She is not here.”

“Jahiti must come,” he declares.

His wife said,
“Why don’t you eat,
Why don’t you drink?
Jahiti will come.”

He said:
“I will not eat or drink
Until Jahiti comes,
Because I love her.” 

Jahiti being in the lake replies, “The mother of another girl has drowned me in this lake, so tell him to go ahead and eat and drink.”

The stepmother distorts this and goes home and tells the father, “Jahiti says, ‘I am busy in the neighbourhood. Tell him to eat and drink. I will come.’”

He refused and repeated, “Jahiti, Jahiti, my daughter. I won’t eat or drink until she comes.”

Again the village girls went and called to the lake like the mother did.

Jahiti answered the same way:
A brutal woman,
Not my mother,
Has done this.
Tell him to eat and drink.”

The bridegroom loved her and missed her because she wasn’t there. While he was herding cattle he saw her in the lake. She couldn’t come out.

“How can I save you?” he asked.

“I can’t come out because the devil took hold of me.”

He had some food with him, but he throws it to her. So he comes daily to ask her to come out.

“How can I help you and release you?”

She answers, “You can’t. The devil has bewitched me.”

He throws his food to her every day and becomes thinner and thinner because of his love for Jahiti.

His father is affected by this.

His father said, “There is a lot to eat and drink, why are you getting thinner and thinner?”

“It’s no use telling you,” says the son.

“Please tell me,” he urged him.

Eventually the boy said, “My fiancée is in the lake. I always meet her but she can’t come out. I always give her my food, and that’s why I look so thin and skeletal.”

“You must go and ask her, ‘How can I save you? Is there any way you can come out?”

So the boy asked her.

She replied, “Slaughter a bull and throw the biggest slice of meat into the river and the devil will see it and let go of me.”

So they did. He went with his friends, slaughtered a bull and threw the back leg into the lake.

When they threw the slice in, the devil rushed to get hold of it. Another blind devil who did not see the meat, and thinking it was the meat, caught hold of the girl’s breast. So she came out, but the blind devil tore off her breast.

They were married. They lived happily ever after, bearing children, even with one breast.

This is what we heard from our forefathers.

ጃሂቲ

በደምለው በየነ የተተረከ

ሁለት ሴት ልጆች ያለው ሰው ነበር፡፡ የመጀመሪያዋ ሴት ልጁ እናት ስለሞተች ሌላ አግብቶ ሌላ ሴት ልጅ ወለደ፡፡ ሁለቱም ልጆች ለጋብቻ እድሜያቸው ደረሰ፡፡ እናቷ የሞተችባት ልጅ በጥሩ ሁኔታ ያደገች ነበረች፡፡ ስሟም ጃሂቲ ይባላል፡፡ የሁለተኛዋ ልጅ እናት ሃብታም ነበረች፡፡ ጃሂቲም ለጋብቻ እየተዘጋጀች ሳለች ሁለተኛዋ ልጅ ትቀናባት ነበር፡፡

“እኔን ለምን አይድሩኝም? እህቴን ብቻ ለምንድነው ሚያዩት?” ብላ እናቷን ታስጨንቃት ነበር፡፡

እናቷም ትቀና ነበር፡፡ ልጇንም ነጭ ልብስ ታለብሳትና ያንገት ጌጥ፣ የእጅ አምባር፣ ጌጣጌጦችና ጨሌ ታደርግላት ነበር፡፡ ስለዚህ ጥሩ ልብስ ካለበሰቻት በኋላ ወደ ገበያ ልካት ልጃገረዶች እየጨፈሩና ግጥም እየገጠሙ ወደሚውሉበት በመላክ ወንዶች እንዲመርጧት ታደርጋለች፡፡ ጃሂቲን ግን አሮጌና ቆሻሻ ልብሶች ታለብሳት ነበር፡፡

አጋቢዎቹም እንዲህ ብለው ይዘፍኑና ይጨፍሩ ነበር፤

“ጥሩ ልብስ የለበሰችውን እንዳር

ወይስ ቆሻሻ ልብስ የለበሰችውን እንውሰድ?”

እንዲህም እያሉ አንዱ ሌላውን እየተከተለና “ጥሩ ልብስ የለበሰችውን እንዳር…” የሚለውን ዘፈን እየተቀባበሉ ይዘፍኑ ነበር፡፡

ሁለተኛዋም ልጅ ለእናቷ እንዲህ ስትል ነገረቻት፡፡ “ጥሩ ልብስ ለብሼ እንዲያዩኝ አልፈለጉም፡፡ እንዲያውም ቆሻሻ ልብስ የለበሰችውን እህቴን ነው የፈለጉት፡፡”

በዚህም ምክንያት የእንጀራ እናቷ ልጆቹ ልብሳቸውን እንዲቀያየሩ ካደረገች በኋላ ልጇ እንደገና እንድትሞክር ላከቻት፡፡

አጋቢዎቹ ግን እንዲህ እያሉ ይዘፍኑ ጀመር፡፡

“ቆሻሻ የለበሰችውን ልጅ አንፈልግም፡፡

ጥሩ የለበሰችውን ነው የምንፈልገው፡፡”

በዚህም ጊዜ ልጅቷ ወደናቷ ሄዳ እንዲህ አለች፡፡ “ልብሴንም ቀየርኩ እነሱ ግን አሁንም እኔን አይፈልጉኝም፡፡”

እናትየዋም “በይ ሂጂና ሙሽሮች የሚቀመጡበትን ቅጠላማ ቅርንጫፎች ከዛፍ ላይ ገንጥለሽ ይዘሽልኝ ነይ፡፡” ብላ ላከቻት፡፡ የራሷንም ልጅ ጃሂቲ ዛፎቹ ላይ ወጥታ ቅጠሎቹን እንድታደርግ መከረቻት፡፡

“እሷ ቅርንጫፎቹን ስትቆርጥ አንቺ ደግሞ ሃይቁ ዳር ቦታውን አዘጋጂ፡፡ መሬቱም ላይ የሚያዳልጥ የዛፍ ቅርፊት አኑሪና አዳልጧት ሃይቁ ውስጥ ገብታ እንድትሞት አድርጊ፡፡” የዛፉንም ቅርፊት ለጋ ይባላል፡፡

እንደታሰበውም ሆነ፡፡ እህቷ ጃሂቲም ከዛፉ እንድትወርድና አዳልጧት ሃይቁ ውስጥ እንድትወድቅ ባዘዘቻት ጊዜ ሰይጣን ዛፉ ላይ ይዟት ምርኮኛው ስላደረጋት መውረድ አልቻለችም፡፡

በዚህ ጊዜ የሙሽራው ጓደኞች ጃሂቲን ሊወስዷት መጥተው ነበር፡፡ እህትየዋም ወደ ውጪ ስትወጣ ባዩአት ጊዜ “ሙሽራዋ የት አለች?” ብለው ጠየቋት፡፡

“እዚህ የለችም፡፡ ጠፍታለች፡፡” አለቻቸው፡፡

“እነርሱም ምን ማድረግ እንችላለን አሉ?” የተመረጠችውንም ልጅ ባለማግኘታቸው በጣም አዘኑ፡፡ በዚህም ሁኔታ ሰርገኞቹ ወደመጡበት ተመልሰው ሄዱ፡፡ የልጅቷ አባት የወርቅ ነጋዴ ነበር፡፡ ወደቤት ተመልሶ በመጣም ጊዜ “ጃሂቲ የት አለች?” ብሎ ጠየቀ፡፡ ሚስቱም “ወጥታለች እዚህ የለችም” ብላ መለሰችለት፡፡ “ጃሂቲ መምጣት አለባት!” ብሎ በሃይለ ቃል ተናገረ፡፡

ሚስቱም እንዲህ አለች፡፡

“ለምን አትበላም?”

“ለምንስ አትጠጣም? ጃሂቲ ትመጣለች፡፡”

እሱም እንዲህ አለ “ምግብም አልበላም ውሃም አልጠጣም ጃሂቲ እስክትመጣ ምክንያቱም እወዳታለሁ፡፡”

ጃሂቲም ሃይቅ ውስጥ ሆና እንዲህ ብላ መለሰች፡፡

“የሌላኛዋ ልጅ እናት እዚህ ሃይቅ ውስጥ ስለከተተችኝ እንዲበላና እንዲጠጣ ንገሩት::”

የእንጀራ እናቷም ይህንን በማዛባት ላባትየው እንዲህ ብላ ነገረችው፡፡ “ጎረቤት ዘንድ ስራ ስለያዝኩኝ በኋላ መጣለሁ፡፡ አሁን ምግብም ብላ ውሃም ጠጣ” ብላለች፡፡

እሱም እንዲህ በማለት “ጃሂቲ ጃሂቲ የኔ ልጅ እሷ ካልመጣች አልበላምም አልጠጣምም፡፡”

የመንደሩም ልጆች ወደሃይቁ እንደገና በመሄድ እንደናትየዋ መጣራት ጀመሩ፡፡

ጃሂቲም እንዲህ ብላ መለሰች፡፡

“ክፉ ሴት

እናቴ ያልሆነች

ይህን አድርጋብኛለችና

እንዲበላም እንዲጠጣም ንገሩት፡፡”

ሙሽራው በጣም ይወዳት ስለነበር እዛ ባለመኖሯ ትናፍቀው ነበር፡፡ እሱም ከብቶቹን እየጠበቀ ሳለ ሃይቁ ውስጥ አያት፡፡ እሷም መውጣት አቅቷት ነበር፡፡

“እንዴት አድርጌ ላድንሽ እችላለሁ? ብሎ ጠየቃት፡፡”

“ሰይጣኑ ስለያዘኝ ከዚህ መውጣት አልችልም፡፡”

ምግብም ይዞ ነበርና ወደእሷ ወረወረላት፡፡ በየቀኑም እየተመላለሰ እንድትወጣ እንዲህ እያለ ይጠይቃት ነበር፡፡ “እንዴት አድርጌ ላስለቅቅሽ እችላለሁ?፡፡”

እሷም “አትችልም፡፡ ሰይጣኑ ማርኮኛል አለችው፡፡”

በየቀኑም እየተመላለሰ ምግብ ይወረውርላት ነበር፡፡ ነገር ግን እሱ በጃሂቲ ፍቅር የተነሳ እየከሳ ሄደ፡፡

የሱም አባት በዚህ ምክንያት ተጎድተው ስለነበር “ብዙ የሚበላና የሚጠጣ ነገር እያለ ለምንድነው ምትከሳው?” ብለው ሲጠይቁት

“ላንተ መንገሩ ጥቅም የለውም፡፡” ብሎ መለሰላቸው፡፡

እሳቸውም “እባክህ ንገረኝ? ብለው ተማፀኑት፡፡”

በመጨረሻም ልጁ “እጮኛዬ ሃይቅ ውስጥ ገብታብኛለች፡፡ በየቀኑ ባገኛትም ልትወጣ ግን አልቻለችም፡፡ ሁልጊዜ ምግቤንም ስለምሰጣት ለዚህ ነው የከሳሁትና አጥንቴ የገጠጠ የሚመስለው፡፡” አላቸው፡፡

“በል ሄደህ እንዲህ ብለህ ጠይቃት፡፡ እንዴት ላድንሽ እችላለሁ? በምንስ አይነት ልትወጪ ትችያለሽ?” ብለው መከሩት፡፡

ልጁም እንደተባለው ሄዶ ቢጠይቃት እሷም “በሬ አርደህ ትልቅ የስጋ ቁራጭ ወደ ሃይቅ ውስጥ ብትወረውር ሰይጣኑ ያንን አይቶ ይለቀኛል” አለችው፡፡

እንደተባሉትም አደረጉ፡፡ ከጓደኞቹ ጋርም ሄዶ በሬውን በማረድ የኋላ እግሩን ወደ ሃይቅ ውስጥ ወረወሩ፡፡
ስጋውንም በወረወሩ ጊዜ ሰይጣኑ ስጋውን ለመውሰድ ሮጦ ሄደ፡፡ ሆኖም ሌላው ስጋውን ያላየ እውር ሰይጣን ስጋ ያገኘ መስሎት የልጅቷን ጡት ያዘ፡፡ ልጅቷ ብታመልጥም እውሩ ሰይጣን ጡቷን ቦጭቆ አስቀረው፡፡

ከዚህ በኋላ ሁለቱ ተጋብተውና በአንድ ጡትም ቢሆን ልጆችን አፍርተው በደስታ አብረው መኖር ጀመሩ፡፡

ይህንን ታሪክ የሰማነው ከቅድመ አያቶቻችን ነው፡፡

In the original voice — hear tales from Benishangul-Gumuzቤንሻንጉል-ጉሙዝ, told in Berta, Shinasha, Gumuz. Listen ›

Check your understandingግንዛቤዎን ይፈትሹ

  1. How many daughters did the man have in total?

  2. What was the name of the first daughter, whose mother had died?

  3. Why was the second daughter jealous of Jahiti?

  4. How did the mother dress up her own daughter?

  5. What clothes did Jahiti wear when she was sent to the market place?

  6. Where were the girls sent so that men could see and choose them?

For discussionለውይይት

  • The stepmother dressed her own daughter in fine clothes but sent Jahiti in dirty clothes. What does this show about how she felt about each girl?
  • The suitors still wanted the girl in dirty clothes. Why do you think they chose her and not the one in fine clothes and jewelry?
  • How do you think Jahiti felt about being sent out in old, dirty clothes? What would you have felt in her place?
  • What lesson do you think this story is trying to teach about beauty, kindness or fairness?